College Students Career Planning Tutorial—capacity development

2022

大学生职业生涯规划教程

—能力发展

能力发展.m4a2:18

来自LearningYard学苑

能力是个体在完成一项目标或者任务的过程中所体现出来的素质，是顺利完成的个性心理特征。能力总能和人的实践相联系起来。离开了具体实践既不能表现人的能力，也不能发展人的能力，能力也是从事某种活动必需的前提。能力影响活动的效果，能力的大小也只能在活动中才能比较。能力和兴趣是两个截然不同的概念，兴趣表明你喜欢某事，表达了你的偏好，而能力表明能做某事，指出了你胜任与否的资格。

Ability is the quality reflected in the process of completing a goal or task, and it is the personality and psychological characteristics of the successful completion. Ability can always be linked to human practice. Without concrete practice, human ability can neither be expressed nor developed, and ability is also a prerequisite for engaging in certain activities. The ability affects the effect of the activity, and the size of the ability can only be compared in the activity. Abilities and interests are two distinct concepts. Interests indicate that you like something and express your preferences, while abilities indicate that you can do something and indicate your qualifications.

ability

01

能力的个体差异

individual differences in ability

ability

人与人之间在能力上存在着明显的个体差异，这种差异主要表现在以下三个方面。

（1）能力水平上的差异。是指人的能力有大小：有的人能力强、有的人能力弱、而大部分属于中等。

（2）能力表现早晚上的差异，是指人的能力充分发展有早有晚。有些人在小时候就表现出优异的能力，这叫“人才早熟”，有些人的能力表现较晚，这叫“大器晚成”。

（3）能力结构类型上的差异，是指能力中的各种成分的构成方式不同。

There are obvious individual differences in ability between people, which are mainly manifested in the following three aspects.

(1) Differences in ability level. It refers to the ability of people: some people have strong ability, some people have weak ability, and most of them are medium.

(2) The difference between the performance of abilities in the morning and evening refers to the fact that people's abilities are fully developed sooner or later. Some people show excellent ability at a young age, which is called "premature talent", and some people show their ability later, which is called "late bloomer".

(3) The difference in the type of ability structure refers to the different composition of the various components in the ability.

02

能力的差异

difference in ability

difference in ability

能力类型差异可以分为以下三种情况。

（一）知觉的类型差异：人类在知觉方面表现出的个体类型差异，可以分为三类。知觉综合类、知觉分析类、知觉的分析—综合型。

（二）表象的类型差异：这种差异主要分为：表象视觉类型、表象听觉类型、表象运动型、表象混合型。

（三）记忆的类型差异：在记忆方面，主要分为记忆视觉型、记忆听觉型、记忆运动型、记忆混合型。

（四）思维的类型差异：主要分为集中思维型和发散思维型。

The ability type difference can be divided into the following three cases.

(1) Differences in types of perception: The individual types of differences in human perception can be divided into three categories. Perceptual synthesis, perceptual analysis, and perceptual analysis-integration.

(2) Differences in the types of imagery: This difference is mainly divided into: imagery visual type, imagery auditory type, imagery motor type, and imagery mixed type.

(3) Differences in the types of memory: In terms of memory, it is mainly divided into visual memory, auditory memory, motor memory, and mixed memory.

(4) Differences in the types of thinking: mainly divided into concentrated thinking and divergent thinking.

参考资料：文字：《大学生职业生涯规划教程》；图片：微博；翻译：百度翻译

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